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Free Missouri genealogy records
Where to find free birth, death, marriage, census, probate, land and newspaper records for Missouri, and which offices hold what. Last checked Oct 2026.
Birth, death and marriage records
When statewide registration began: Statewide birth and death registration began in January 1910.
- Births and deaths: the state office has them from January 1910. For St. Louis City, St. Louis County and Kansas City before 1910, ask the city or county health department.
- Marriages: the county recorder of deeds.
Current office addresses, fees and eligibility rules are on the CDC "Where to Write for Vital Records" page for Missouri. Records that are too recent are usually restricted to close family. Older ones are often free to view as indexes or images on the free databases below.
Before statewide registration, some counties and larger cities kept their own registers. Church baptism and burial registers, family Bibles, obituaries and cemetery records fill the gaps.
Census records
- Federal censuses from 1790 to 1950 are free to search on several sites. The 1950 census is free from the National Archives' 1950 Census site, and NARA's census research pages explain each year.
- Almost all of the 1890 federal census was destroyed after a 1921 fire, so families can "disappear" between 1880 and 1900.
- Ask the state archives whether any state or territorial census schedules survive for Missouri.
- Census records only exist for years after statehood or territorial organization.
Probate and land records
- Probate: County circuit courts (probate division) handle estates. Deeds are with the recorder of deeds. Older probate files are often transferred to the state archives.
- First land transfers: Missouri is a federal public-land state. The original federal land patents (homesteads, cash sales, military warrants) are free to search on the BLM General Land Office Records site. Homestead case files themselves are at the National Archives.
- Later deeds: once land was in private hands, every sale was recorded locally by the county.
Historic newspapers
- Chronicling America: Missouri newspapers is the Library of Congress's free archive of digitized historic newspapers, filtered to this state.
- State Historical Society of Missouri is Missouri's partner in the National Digital Newspaper Program, which digitizes the state's papers for Chronicling America.
- Obituaries are the best newspaper find for genealogy. If your family's paper isn't digitized, the local public library or historical society may have it on microfilm.
Archives, libraries and societies
- Missouri State Archives: the state's official archives, with older government records such as court, land, military and often vital records.
- State Historical Society of Missouri: historical society or research library with manuscripts, photographs and local histories.
- Missouri Historical Society (St. Louis): historical society or research library with manuscripts, photographs and local histories.
Tips for the local level
- Find which county your ancestor's town was in at the time. County lines moved as new counties were created, and records stay with the county that created them.
- Call or email before visiting. Many courthouses have moved older books to the state archives or a county records center.
- Look for the local genealogical society and the county page of the free, volunteer-run USGenWeb Project, which often have transcriptions and cemetery lists.
- St. Louis City has been independent of St. Louis County since 1876, so records for the two are kept separately.
Big free (and freemium) databases
- FamilySearch Research Wiki: Missouri: a free, volunteer-edited guide to Missouri record types, useful for double-checking anything on this page.
- FamilySearch: a free nonprofit genealogy site with indexed records and digitized microfilm. You need a free account to search.
- Find a Grave: free, volunteer-built cemetery listings, often with headstone photos.
- BillionGraves: free headstone photos tagged with GPS locations.
- National Archives genealogy pages: guides to federal census, military, immigration and land records.
- Ancestry: a large subscription site. Some indexes are free with a free account, and many public libraries offer free in-library access.
Sources
- CDC/NCHS, Where to Write for Vital Records: Missouri
- National Archives, State Archives list
- Library of Congress, National Digital Newspaper Program awardees
- Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office Records
- National Archives, Census Records
Last checked Oct 2026. Offices, fees and web addresses change. If something here is wrong, the official office is always right.
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